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(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 1. G. G. BLICKENSDERIER. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. C. BLIGKBNSDERFER.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 459,094. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

[,N'VENTOR T T ORNE V? -3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

G. C. BLICKENSDERFER. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 459,094. Patented Slept. 8, 1891.

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WT/VESSES:

TTORNEYJ QIMW ` UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE C. BLICKENSDERFER, OF S"AMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE BLTCKEUSDERFER MANUFACTURTNG COMPANY, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459,094, dated September 8, 1891.

Application filed April 25, 1891. Serial No. 390.489. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE C. BLIoKENs- DERFER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in TypelVriting Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable 1o others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thc same.

My invention has relation to wheel typewriting machines of the form wherein the wheel is provided with more than one row or bank of type, and which is shifted to position a row of type and rotated to position a letter or character, and is propelled to the platen or roller to make the impression, as fully shown, described, and claimed in an application, Se-

2o rial No. 390,488, filed by me the 25th day of April, 1891; and ithas for its operating parts, first, mechanism. under the control of separate key-levers for raising the wheel to bring any one of the different rows or banks of letters or characters into the field of action and hold or lock the wheel in such raised position as it is propelled to the pla-ten or roller in order to maintain due and proper alignment of the impressions or writing; second, a sim- 3o ple form of tumbler mechanism having a changingleverage between the key-levers and the driving mechanism for the' type-wheel, third, a simple construction of inking pad or roller for the type-wheel,and, fourth, a ruling device having asliding movement toward the impression platen or roller in the direction of its length and an automatically-returning movement to its normal position.

My invention accordingly consists of the 4o combinations, constructions, and arrangements of parts, as hereinafter more particularly described in the specification, and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is had to the accompanyingl drawings, wherein- Figure l is a sectional side elevation of a type-writing machine embodying my im provements, only so much of the machine being shown as is required to illustrate the same.

o Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the swinging locking-latch for positively holding the typevplan, partly in section.

wheel in its raised position as it is propelled to the roller or platen. Fig. 3 is a partial Fig. l is a front elevation of the ruling devices. Fig. 5 is atrans- 55 verse elevation, partly in section,through the center of the type-wheel and part of the shaft for the same, the latter being represented as being in a perpendicular position. Fig. G is an elevation of the swinging locking-catch 6o for the type-wheel shaft, and Fig. 7 is a plan of a tumbler intermediate between the one shown in full elevation and the last one partly shown in elevation in Fig. l.

A represents the frame or housing for the machine; a, the paperholding platen or roller; B, the cross-shaft for supporting the type-wheel and its actuating` mechanism; b, the key-levers; Z1', the tu mblers; C, the typewheel shaft; c,thetype-wheel; C', the pinion, 7o and D and D the segmental racks meshing with said pinion for rotating the type-wheel;

d, the frames of said racks; E, an arresting or stopping ratchet for the type-wheel; F, the steadying-ratchet for the type-wheel after its motion has been arrested; e, the front arrestiug-pawl on frame c', which is loosely hung upon cross-shaft B, andf the rear arresting-pawl on frame j", also hung loosely upon cross-shaft B.

The tumblers b are loosely journaled on the cross-shaft B and are of any desired Vconfiguration, having striking faces b2 and b3 in front of the cross-shaft B. The face b2 is normally in contact with one of the segmental rack-frames d, and the faces b3 of the several tumblers vary in distance from pawl-frame e, as shown more plainly in Figs. l and 7, so that said tumblers will be moved unequal distances before striking said pawl-frame. For 9o example, the tumbler shown in full elevation in Fig. l would have to be moved a greater distance than the tumbler shown in Fig. 7 before its striking-face b3 would come in contact with the pawl-frame e, as said face ZF' 95 on the first-mentioned tumbler is a greater distance from said frame c than the face b3 on the second-mentioned tumbler. The bottom edge of the tuniblers l) for that portion of the same extending from in front of the shaft roo B to ncar the outer or front end is of the form of a cam, as at b4, and terminates in a straight edge h5 at the front of the tumbler, which normally rests uponthe top of the key-lever b, while the cam part b4 isnormally out of contact with the key-lever. As soon as a keylever is depressed it raises the tumblers by the long leverage afforded by its extending front straight end or face b5 and causes the edge b2 to operate against the framed to overcome the inertia of the type-wheel and its attached parts, such as the shaft, its frame or support, and all the parts carried on the same. This long leverage changes to a shorter one in a gradual manner as soon as the cam b4 of the tumbler comes into contact with the keylever.

Vhen one of the frames d is acted upon by the face b2 of one of the tumblers, its rack moves forward and revolves the pinion C and consequently the type-wheel to positiona letter. -At the same time that the face b2 is acting upon frame d the face b3 is moving forward to engage with the pawl-frame e to force the pawl e into engagement with the proper tooth of the stopping-pawl E to arrest the axial but not the forwardmovement of the type-wheel, said forward movement being initially imparted by the moving rack rolling the pinion C upon the stationary (for the time being) rack. On or about the timethat the pawl e strikes the tooth on the stoppingratchet the pawl f engages with a tooth of said ratchet on the side opposite to that with which the paWl e is engaged to prevent the type-wheel rebounding by reason of the sudden arresting of its axial movement. In other Words, therpavvls e and f lock the type-wheel against further axial movement, but do not prevent said Wheel while so locked from being moved ahead by the key-levers to make an impression of the positioned type upon the platen. As the type-wheel may have more or less vibration by reason of the wear and tear upon the several parts, a steadying-pawl f3 is provided for the ratchet F. The space between the teeth on ratchet F under the positioned type embrace the pawl as the typewheel moves toward the platen and steadies the type-wheel as the type strikes the platen, and thus prevents any blurring of the impression made by said positioned type.

Shaft B has a radial opening c12 registering With opening cl3 in the frame c2, Which is rigidly secured to said shaft B. A sleeve c3, having an opening for the type-wheel shaft C, is secured to said frame c2 in such manner as to permit of its being rotated, but not to move longitudinally. The stopping and steadying ratchets E and F are secured to and revolve with said sleeve, which has a pinion C', that gears with the racks D. A typewheel shaft having a collar c14 is passed down through the sleeve, frame, and shaft until the collar rests upon the top of the sleeve c3 and carries a type-wheel, which is held thereon by a nut C15. rlhe type-wheel is provided with an opening c1G for a pin c, that projects from the stead yin g-ratchet F to connect said wheel with the sleeve c3, so that when said-sleeve is rotated the type-wheel will be correspondingly rotated. The pin c17 is of sufficient length to permit of the vertical adjustment of the wheel to bring any of its type-fields in an operative position without separating from its propelling mechanism. s

It will be observed from the foregoing that the type-wheel shaft is normally free to move lon gitudinallyin the supporting-fratrie c2, and its down movement is limited by the collar C10 or by a support 7c', which in the present device is shown as the end of a lever K, the inner arm of which projects immediately under the lower end of the shaft C, so that when the outer end of the lever K is depressed the inner end will raise the shaft and type-Wheel longitudinally. NVhen the shaft is raised, it is held against further longitudinal movement bya locking device. The preferred form of locking device is shown in Fig. 2, and designated herein as a lockingbar H. It is hung loose upon the shaft B, and hangs down therefrom inaposition preferably parallel with the shaft C, in which position it is held by a spring h', that permits it to yield when the type-Wheel and its shaft is laterally vibrated to impress a type. As before stated, the type-Wheel and its attached parts in this machine are axially moved and laterally vibrated at the same time until a type has been positioned, when the axial movement is stopped; but the lateral movement is continued until the type has been impressed upon paper on the platen. The locking device H is arranged in the path of lateral movement of said shaft, which vibrates or engages and moves said locking device With it and prevents any longitudinal movement of the shaft. lt is advantageous to have the bar normally out of cont-act with the typewheel shaft, as said shaft can then be removed without having to disconnect any parts below, or, in fact, any parts of the machine, as I prefer to have the shaft normally free or without positive engagement with any of the parts of the machine. Ordinarily the position of' the shaft or type-wheel will be determined by a projection on one of the parts attached to and vibrating with the typewheel engaging with the locking device. In the present instance the projection is shown as a collar cm, which engages with the recesses in the locking-bar and prevents any longitudinal movement of the type-wheel or its shaft. Stop 1 may also be used,and when a type-wheel having two or more fields or rows of type is used the stop` is formed upon the end of the leverY K, as aforesaid. device it is not necessary that the end of the shaft be in actual contact with the stop; but a slight contact is preferred,as the top of the stop then forms a sort of a guide for the shaft in its movement toward the locking-bar. This guiding is particularly advantageous when the type-wheel shaft is shifted to bring another field of type in position to be im- In such aVY IOO IIO

pressed, and especially so when collars or re cess or collar and recesses are used. In the present instance the collar g is on the shaft C and recess Zi on the bar Il, so thatwhen the type-whecl shaft is vibrated the collar g enters one or the other of the recesses Zi. As present arranged, the normal position of collar g is opposite the lowest recess 7L.. When the type-wheel is raised to bring the second row of type in position, the collar g will be opposite the middle recess 7L, and when raised to bring the next row in position the collar g will be opposite the top recess Zz'. When the locking-bar is held in place by a spring, the part Zt also serves as a stop to prevent said bar from interfering with the longitudinal movement of the type-wheel shaft. The lever K is pivoted at Zt, and its forward end Za is under the control of special key-levers k3 Z114, having different travel, so that by depressing either of them the lever K is actuated to raise the type-wheel shaft and the type-wh eel more or less to bring the different iields or rows ot' type into position for use.

Suitably located relatively to the typewheel c and mounted upon or forming part of the frame of themachine is a rod L, having a sleeve L', adjustable thereon by means of a set-screw Z. In said sleeve is loosely mounted an arm Z, which, as shown, is a right-angle arm and carries at its end Z2 a roller or inking-pad Z3 of any desired or suitable construction. This inking pad or roller Z3 is located in the path of the striking or printing movement of the type-wheel at a point or position adjacent to the platen or roller, so that a letter or character duly positioned on the type-wheel and about to make an impression previously strikes the inkingroller Z"g to receive its supply of ink, and in the act of striking such roller Z3 knocks or moves it out of the way above the type-wheel, as indicated by dotted lines .2', Fig. l. The extent of the upward movement of theinkingarm when vibrated by the type-wheel is controlled by a spring Z4, which also aids in returning the inkerinto the path of movement of the type-wheel.

I do not herein broadly claim an inkingroller supported in a vibrating arm in front of a wheel and actuated by frictional contact with said wheel to ink the type and move it out of the way of said wheel as said wheel is vibrated to make an impression, as such a construction forms one of the su bjects-matter of application, Serial No. 390,488, filed April 25, 1891.

m m represent the ruling devices for ruling, canceling, underscoring, or analogous purposes, inclosed in boxes or casin gs m2, sliding in ways m3 on the frame of the machine in front of the roller or platen a and having reacting springs m4v for normally withdrawing said devices from the platen or roller after having been manually moved toand brought into action. Any suitable construction of ways or guides m3 may be provided `for the boxes or casings m2, and the canceling or underscoring wheels or devices m m may be provided for and behorizontally or vertically located in theirboxes or casings m', as shown, or as set forth in said other-pending application.

The type-wheel c is made of hard rubber blown or cast in a mold so as to have its periphery c4, top and bottom sides ci c, and axial hub c7 integral. Preparatory to casting or blowing the Wheel a suitable metallic or other bushing cs, having' a knurled or roughened exterior surface or periphery c, is inserted in the mold, so that when the wheel is blown or cast the axial hub c7 is caused to engage and solidly fasten said bushing to said hub. The top and bottom sides ci cG as the wheel comes from the mold must be solid and then are perforated, as desired, as shown at 010, to decrease the weight of the wheel without impairing its strength or durability.

As the construction and arrangement of the novel features of my invention may be variously modied Without departing from the spirit ot' the same, I do not limit myself to the exact device described and shown in the drawings.

lVhat I claim is-` l. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a laterally-vibrating part, a longitudinally and axially moving type-wheel carried by said vibrating part, and a laterally-movable locking-bar for locking said wheel against longitudinal action and located in the path of and carried by said laterally-vibrating part.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a laterally-moving type-wheel shaft, of a type-wheel having two or more fields of Atype and movable longitudinally to position its elds of type and axially to position its typeand vibrates laterally to impress said type, and a vibrating locking-bar for locking said shaft and holding it against longitudinal movement while it is moving laterally, which lockingbar moves laterally coincident] y with said shaft.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a laterally-moving type-wheel shaft, of a type-wheel having two or more fields of type and movable longitudinally of said shaft to position its fields of type, a key-lever for so moving said wheel to position its fields of type, mechanism for moving said type-wheel axially and laterally to posit-ion any type of a field and impress the same, type-key levers for actuating said mechanism to position and impress said type, and a Vibratory locking-bar tor locking said wheel against longitudinal movement while it is being moved to position and impress said type, said locking-bar being moved laterally with said shaft by the action of said type-key levers.

et. In a type-writing machine, the combina tion, with a type-wheel shaft having an axial movement to position a type and means for moving said shaft longitudinally, of a yielding locking device which engages said shaft IOO at certain predetermined points and holds it against vert-ical movement While the shaft is being axially moved.

5. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, With a type-Wheel having axial movement to position a type and two or more fields or. rows of type, and means for vertically adjusting said wheel to bring any of the fields or rows of type in position to be impressed, of a yielding locking-bar which holds said type-Wheel against vertical movement While receiving axial movement.

6. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a type-Wheel shaft having an axial movement to position a type and a lateral movement to impress a positioned type, of a yielding locking-bar Which prevents longitudinal movement of and vibrates laterally With said shaft.

'7. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a type-Wheel shaft having an axial movement to position a type and a lateral movement to impress a positioned type, of a locking-bar normally out of engagement with said shaft Which engages with and moves said bar laterally When vibrated.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a type-Wheel shaft having an axial movement to position a type and a lateral movement to impress the positioned type, and means for longitudinally moving said shaft, of a yielding locking-bar moving laterally with said shaft to hold it against longitudinal movement while being moved laterally.

9. In atype-Writing machine, the combination, with a type-Wheel shaft having an axial movement to position a type and a lateral movement to impress the positioned type, and means for longitudinally moving said shaft, of a locking-bar normally out of engagement With said shaft which engages with and moves said bar laterally when vibrated.

10. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, With a type-Wheel shaft having a collar and means for longitudinally moving said shaft, of a movable locking-bar vibrating independently of the vibrating Wheel, having recesses Which engage said collar.

11. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a type-Wheel shaft having a collar and means for laterally vibratin g and longitudinally moving said shaft, of a movable locking-bar vibrating independently of the vibrating Wheel, having recesses Which engage said collar when the shaft is laterally vibrated and hold it against longitudinal movement.

12. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, With a type-Wheel having an axial and longitudinal movement, of a shaft for said type-Wheel having a projection, and a lockingbarvibrated independently of the type-Wheel and having recesses for engaging said projections.

13. In a typefwriting machine, the combination of a type-Wheel shaft having a collar,

mechanism for laterally vibrating said shaft, and a movablelocking-bar vibrating independently of the vibrating Wheel, having a recess Which engages said collar when the typewheel shaft is laterally vibrated.

14. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a type-wheel shaft free to move longitudinally and means for moving said shaft longitudinally, of a movable locking-bar operated by a moving part of the machine and which engages said shaft to hold it against longitudinal movement While the type is being impressed.

15. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, With a type-wheel shaft free to move longitudinally and means for moving said shaft longitudinally and vibrating it laterally, of a locking-bar vibrating independently of the vibrating Wheel, which moves laterally with and locks said shaft against longitudinal movement.

16. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a type-Wheel shaft free to move longitudinally, having a collar, mechanism for moving said shaft longitudinally and vibrating it laterally, and a movable locking-bar vibrated independently of the vibrated Wheel, having recesses which engage said collar when the type-Wheel is shifted longitudinally and vibrated laterally.

17. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a laterally-vibrating type-Wheel shaft and a support for the lower end of said shaft, of a locking-bar vibrated independently of the vibrated Wheel, Which engages said shaft when it is laterally vibrated.

18. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a laterally-vibrated type-wheel shaft and a lever for shifting said shaft longitudinally, of a locking device vibrated independently of the vibrated wheel, engaging with said shaftwhen it is moved laterally and holding it against longitudinal movement.

19. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a laterally-vibrated type-Wheel shaft and a lever having one end below the lower end of said shaft for moving it longitudinally, of a locking-bar which moves laterally with and locks said shaft When it is laterally vibrated.

20. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a laterallyyibrated type-Wheel shaft and a lever having one end below and for longitudinally moving said shaft, of a yielding locking-bar for said shaft in contact with the end of said lever and in the path of the laterally-vibrated shaft.

21. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a laterally-vibrated type-wheel shaft free to move longitudinally, of a movable locking device for said shaft in the path of the lateral movement of said shaft.

22. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a laterally-vibrated type-Wheel and its attached parts having a similar movement, a vibrating locking device in the path of the lateral movements of said parts, and a stop IOC IIO

for limiting' the movement of the locking device.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a laterally-vibrated type-wheel and a yielding locking device in the path of the lateral movement of said shaft, of a stop below the type-shaft to limit the movement of the locking device.

24. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a laterally vibrated type Wheel shaft, a lever below and for moving said shaft longitudinally, and a yielding locking device in the path of the lateral movement of said shaft and in contact with the end of the lever.

25. In a type-Writer, a printing-Wheel and shaft under the control of the key-levers for printing, separate lever mechanism for moving said shaft and Wheel to bring different rows or fields of letters into action, and mechanism vibrating independently of and moving with said shaft to hold it in its adjusted position, substantially as set forth.

26. The combination of vertically-moving shaft C, having collar g, movable bar II, having recesses 7L, lever K, and separate key-levers for operating lever K, substantially as set forth.

27. The combination of a type-writing printing-wheel shaft resting upon a lever uuder control of separate key-levers, and a movable locking bar engaging with said shaft, substantially as set forth.

2S. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with key-levers and a laterally-vibrating frame carrying a type-wheel and having extension or bar d, of tumblers Z', having face b2, contacting with said bar, and cam-faces b4, and straight faces lr", which normally rest on said key-levers.

29. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a rotating and oscillating printing or impression wheel, stopping-ratchet moving with said type-Wheel, pawls f and e, tumblers b', having lower cam and straight upper faces b2 Zr, and key-levers b normally in contact with said lower straight faces of said tumblers, substantially as set forth.

30. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a vibrating type-wheel, a rod secured to the frame, a vibrating arm pivotally secured to the rod and having an ink-roller projected in the path of said wheel and vibrated thereby, and a spring on said rod and connected with said arm.

3l. In combination with the platen or roller of a type-Writing machine, the sliding underscoring devices m m', and reacting springs for returning said devices to their normal position, substantially as set forth.

The combination of housing or frame A, platen or roller a, ways or guides m3 on said housing or trane, boxes or casings on said guides, and underscoring, canceling, or like devices in said boxes, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE C. BLIGKENSDERFER. lVitnesses:

GEO. R. BYINGTON,

S. J. VAN STAVOREN. 

